21. Words and Expressions - 日本のお正月 (Part 4)

* If you find any unsuitable English, please correct it in Lang-8.
http://lang-8.com/ratna_japan/journals/356957/21-Words-and-Expressions-%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E3%81%AE%E3%81%8A%E6%AD%A3%E6%9C%88-%28Part-4%29

2010年2月1日 (月)


こんにちは。

This is the last part of the story about "New Year in Japan."
Hope you are not bored yet to continue this.


< 日本(にほん)のお正月(しょうがつ) (その4) >
< New Year in Japan (Part 4) >


お雑煮(ぞうに)は、お餅(もち)を入(い)れたお吸(す)い物(もの)で、地方(ちほう)によって作(つく)り方(かた)や中身(なかみ)が違(ちが)います。
"O-zooni" is a kind of soup with rice cake in it, and the way of cooking and its contents differ depending on the regions.

お餅(もち)は、お雑煮(ぞうに)に入(い)れるほか、そのまま焼(や)いて、砂糖醤油(さとうじょうゆ)やきな粉(こ)などをつけて食(た)べることもあります。
As for the "mochi" (rice cakes), other than putting into "o-zooni", we also eat them by roasting directly and putting some "satoo-jooyu" (soy sauce mixed with sugar) or "kinako" (soybean flour).

お餅(もち)には、何(なに)も入(はい)っていない白餅(しろもち)のほか、黒豆(くろまめ)が入(はい)った豆餅(まめもち)、あんこが入ったあんころ餅(もち)などがあり、お正月(しょうがつ)の飾(かざ)りとして使(つか)われる「鏡餅(かがみもち)」というものもあります。
Among the kinds of "mochi", other than plain "shiro-mochi", there are "mame-mochi" which has some black soybeans mixed within, "ankoro-mochi" which has "anko" (sweet bean paste) in it, and we also have something called "kagami-mochi" which is used as a decoration during the new years.

お正月(しょうがつ)の飾(かざ)りとしては、門松(かどまつ)、注連縄(しめなわ)、鏡餅(かがみもち)などがあります。
As for the decorations during the New Year, there are "kado-matsu" (a pair of decorations for a gate which are made of bamboo and pine tree), "shime-nawa" (a decoration for the front door which is made of straws), "kagami-mochi" (a decoration in the house which is made of "mochi") and so on.


<< Words and Expressions / 単語(たんご)と表現(ひょうげん) >

* Sentences are fragmented to show their structure.
* The word order in English is following the word order in Japanese.
* Explanations of the grammar and vocabulary are written below the fragmented sentence.
* Basic form (dictionary form) for verbs are written in [ ] after the word in the original form from the sentence.


お雑煮は、/ お餅を / 入れた / お吸い物で、// 地方によって / 作り方や / 中身が / 違います。

"O-zooni" is / with rice cake / in it / a kind of soup, and // depending on the regions / the way of cooking and / its contents / differ.

(Subject) は、/ (Object for (Verb = Modifier for Noun 1)) を / (Modifier for Noun 1) / (Kata Benda 1) で、// (Noun 2) によって / (Noun 3) や / (Noun 4) が / (Verb)。

* 2 sentences are made into 1 sentence using "で".
* If this sentence is separated into 2 sentences, they become as follows...
お雑煮は、お餅を入れたお吸い物です。
(お雑煮は) 地方によって作り方や中身が違います。
* The second sentence is another explanation to explain the subject for the first sentence (お雑煮).
* "お餅を入れた" is a modifier for "お吸い物".

入(い)れた [入(い)れる] : put (something) in (past/condition form to explain a noun)
お吸(す)い物(もの) : soup ("お" is added to make the word soft)
地方(ちほう) : region
～によって : depending on ...
作(つく)り方(かた) : way of cooking
中身(なかみ) : contents
違(ちが)います [違(ちが)う] : differ (polite form)


お餅は、/ お雑煮に / 入れるほか、// そのまま / 焼いて、/ 砂糖醤油や / きな粉などを / つけて / 食べることも / あります。

As for the "mochi" (rice cakes), / into "o-zooni" / other than putting, // directly / by roasting, and / "satoo-jooyu" (soy sauce mixed with sugar) or / "kinako" (soybean flour) / putting / we also eat / (there is/are).

(Subject) は、/ (Place) に / (Verb 1) ほか、// (Modifier for Verb 2) / (Verb 2)、/ (Object 1) や / (Object 2) などを / (Verb 3) / (Verb 4) ことも / (Verb 5)。

* 2 sentences are made into 1 sentence using "ほか".
* If this sentence is separated into 2 sentences, they become as follows...
お餅は、お雑煮に入れます。
その他(ほか)に、(お餅は) そのまま焼いて、砂糖醤油やきな粉などをつけて食べることもあります。
* The second sentence is another explanation to explain the subject for the first sentence (お餅).
* A verb form "-て" (焼いて/つけて) is used to add another verb (つけて/食べる) after it.

～ほか : other than ...
そのまま : directly, as the way it is
焼(や)いて [焼(や)く] : roast ("-て" form to add another verb after it)
砂糖醤油(さとうじょうゆ) : "satoo-jooyu" (soy sauce mixed with sugar)
きな粉(こ) : "kinako" (soybean flour)
～など : ... and so on
つけて [つける] : put (something) on
～こともあります [～こともある] : also there are cases that ...


お餅には、/ 何も / 入っていない / 白餅のほか、/ 黒豆が / 入った / 豆餅、/ あんこが / 入った / あんころ餅などが / あり、// お正月の / 飾りとして / 使われる / 「鏡餅」というものも / あります。

Among the kinds of "mochi", / nothing / is put in / other than "shiro-mochi", / some black soybeans / which has mixed within / "mame-mochi", / "anko" (sweet bean paste) / which has in it / "ankoro-mochi" and so on / there are, // during the new years / as a decoration / which is used / something called "kagami-mochi" also / we have.

(Noun 1) には、/ (Object 2) も / (Modifier for Noun 2) / (Noun 2) のほか、/ (Object 3) が / (Modifier for Noun 3) / (Noun 3)、/ (Object 4) が / (Modifier for Noun 4) / (Noun 4) などが / (Verb 1)、// (Modifier for Noun 5) の / (Noun 5) として / (Modifier for Noun 6) / (Noun 6) というものも / (Verb 2)。

* 2 sentences are made into 1 sentence using "あり".
* "あり" is a verb form ending with a vowel "-い" (い段) which is used to add another sentence after it.
* If this sentence is separated into 2 sentences, they become as follows...
お餅には、何も入っていない白餅のほか、黒豆が入った豆餅、あんこが入ったあんころ餅などがあります。
(また、) お正月の飾りとして使われる「鏡餅」というものもあります。
* The first sentence is an explanation of "Noun 1" (お餅), and the second sentence is to add another explanation to the first sentence.
* "何も入っていない" is a modifier for "白餅".
* "黒豆が入った" ais a modifier for "豆餅".
* "あんこが入った" is a modifier for "あんころ餅".
* "お正月の飾りとして使われる" is a modifier for "「鏡餅」というもの".
* The quotation mark 「 」 is used in Japanese as the mark " ".

何(なに)も～ない : nothing ... at all
入(はい)っていない [入(はい)る + いない] : not put in
白餅(しろもち) : "shiro-mochi" (plain "mochi")
～のほか : other than ...
黒豆(くろまめ) : black soybean
豆餅(まめもち) : "mame-mochi" ("mochi" which has some black soybeans mixed within)
あんこ : "anko" (sweet bean paste)
あんころ餅(もち) : "ankoro-mochi" ("mochi" which has "anko" in it)
あり [ある] : there is/are (a verb form ending with a vowel "-い" (い段) which is used to add another sentence after it)
飾(かざ)り : decoration
～として : as ...
使(つか)われる [使(つか)う] : menggunakan (bentuk pasif)
鏡餅(かがみもち) : "kagami-mochi" (a decoration for the new year time which is made of "mochi")
～というもの : something which is called ...


お正月の / 飾りとしては、/ 門松、/ 注連縄、/ 鏡餅などが / あります。

The New Year / as the decorations, / "kado-matsu", / "shime-nawa", / "kagami-mochi" and so on / there are.

(Modifier for Subject) の / (Subject) としては、/ (Noun 1)、/ (Noun 2)、/ (Noun 3) などが / (Verb)。

* "お正月の" is a modifier for "飾り".
* "～など" is used to enumerate nouns as "... and so on".

～としては : as ... ("～として" + a particle "は")
門松(かどまつ) : "kado-matsu" (a pair of decorations for a gate which are made of bamboo and pine tree)
注連縄(しめなわ) : "shime-nawa" (a decoration for the front door which is made of straws)


We have finished at last!
お疲れさまでした～。
(There is no expression for this in English!)

Keep it up!

またね～!!

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